NASA’s X-59 Supersonic Jet is almost ready for its first flight
NASA’s experimental Since late October, engineers at Lockheed Martin’s Skunk Works plant in Palmdale, California, have been conducting phased engine tests to evaluate the X-59’s performance and system integration. These tests mark an important step towards the aircraft’s maiden flight, although no official date for this event has yet been set.
Engine testing and performance reviews
The engine tests began with low-speed running, allowing engineers to inspect for leaks and verify that key systems, such as the hydraulics and electrical components, function smoothly while the engine is running. After basic checks were completed, the X-59’s engine was fully started for an initial assessment. Jay Brandon, chief engineer of NASA’s X-59, explained that the tests served as a “warm-up” to ensure the engine was performing properly and supporting several critical aircraft systems.
The aircraft runs on a modified F414-GE-100 engine, a version of the F414 series used in the US Navy’s Boeing F/A-18 Super Hornet. To predict the noise levels the X-59 might produce, NASA used F/A-18 jets to simulate the aircraft’s unique sound profile, which is quieter than conventional sound waves.
Design features and goals
The X-59 is designed to reach Mach 1.4, with a target altitude of 55,000 feet. The long, streamlined nose – which extends over 37 feet (11 meters) – is designed to reduce sonic booms to a mild ‘thump’ sound, rather than the disruptive noise traditionally associated with supersonic travel. With its shape, the X-59 could support regulatory shifts allowing quieter supersonic flights over populated areas.
In January 2024, NASA unveiled the X-59’s revolutionary cockpit design, which has no forward-facing window. To compensate, pilots rely on an ‘eXternal Vision System’ that provides forward vision via a digital display, combining camera feeds with augmented reality. Pam Melroy, NASA Deputy Administrator, marked this technology as a means to overcome visibility limitations due to aircraft design.
Next steps and community research
The upcoming test phases will examine the aircraft’s responses to various simulated scenarios and include taxi tests to ensure smooth operation on the ground. Once airborne, the X-59 will fly over select U.S. cities to gauge public reaction to its quieter sound profile. The data collected will support NASA’s goal of demonstrating viable, noise-minimized supersonic flight for potential future commercial applications.
