A year ago, the security of Columbia hands-off against a protest was. Not this time.

A year ago, when masked pro-Palestinian demonstrators occupied Hamilton Hall at Columbia University, the only public safety officer who was present, left the stage after she had informed her supervisor. On Wednesday, demonstrators who voted the main library on the campus became a very different reaction.

It roughly Four hours occupation of Butler Library has shown how much has changed in the way Columbia and schools throughout the country have to deal with disturbing Pro-Palestinian protests. This time, unlike during the occupation a year earlier, the public safety officers of Columbia aggressively intervened and some demonstrators pushed on the ground, while they worked to keep the occupation under control and end, video Posted on social media shown.

The officers blocked dozens of protesters to leave one room at the library and locked the front doors of the impressive building with handcuffs to prevent others from pushing their way in. Using the newly granted powers, they arrested various demonstrators before the New York police arrived to complete the arrests.

But it was not only Columbia officials who had adopted a more difficult attitude. The group in the heart of demonstrations in the past year, Columbia University Apartheid Divesthas become smaller, but more hard line in his rhetoric.

The new assertive reaction from the university met many of those who were hard critical about the management of Columbia of last year’s protests, including the anti -Semitism Task Force of the Trump government, which has reduced more than $ 400 million in research financing from Columbia, with reference to the failure of the University of the University of the University of the University of the University. Columbia negotiates with the Task Force in the hope of having the federal dollars recover.

The task group said that it was “encouraged” by the way Claire Shipman, who was the acting president of Columbia for less than two months, handled the occupation and called the police, a rare event on campus before the city police officers were called to end Pro-Palestinian camps and the occupation of Hamilton Hall.

“She came in to lead Columbia on a critical point and met the moment with determination and conviction,” the Task Force written .

But the powerful reaction of the university disrupted those who found that unarmed demonstrators should not be confronted with aggression. Columbia University Apartheid Divest, which organized the occupation, sent to inform During the action that said that despite physical aggression by public safety officers, they did not falter.

“We refuse to show our IDs under militarized arrest,” they wrote. “We refuse to go down quietly.”

Two public safety officers were injured in a crowd of increase in the afternoon, said Mrs. Shipman in a statement that praised the efforts of the officers. Various demonstrators were also injured, said student activists.

“Suppressing peaceful protests, such as sit-ins in the library aimed at ending complicity on the current massacres of Palestinians, is immoral and shows off the erosion of civil liberties in our country,” said Nasher, the executive director of Cair-Ny, a group that argues for Muslims.

The police said on Thursday that they had been called in by Columbia to erase intruders from the building and had arrested around 80 people during the operation to erase the library. It was not immediately clear how many students were, nor what charges they would encounter.

Protesters destroyed the library with graffiti on walls and furniture, including slogans such as “Learn from Palestine” and “Columbia will burn for the martyrs” Social Media Posts from alumni. Facilities employees worked all night to repair it. The building was reopened on Thursday morning to allow students to study for final exams.

In the past year, the Pro-Palestinian movement in Columbia was fragmented, under pressure from managers and federal officials.

Columbia University Apartheid Divest Last year, a range of anti-war demonstrators attracted a camp that, although disruptive, dance classes and a Passo Seder held alongside revolutionary conversations. However, some Jewish students said they were blocked to go into the camp and felt threatened by the demonstrators.

The group has since become more extreme in its rhetoric. The leaders who do not publish their identity now publish manifestations that support armed resistance by groups that the American authorities consider terrorist organizations.

On Wednesday, demonstrators renamed the library for Basel Al-Raj, a Palestinian activist accused by Israel of planning a large-scale attack and was killed by Israeli troops in 2017. The demonstrators of Hamilton Hall, who were an autonomous offshoot of Apartheid, after that building, after Hind RajabA 6-year-old Palestinian girl who was killed in the war of Israel against Hamas in Gaza.

Mrs Shipman, who was in Butler Library when the police arrived, wrote that she thought that Wednesday’s demonstrators had exceeded a clear line “between legitimate protest and actions that endanger others and disturb the fundamental work of the university.” She said she expected the disciplinary procedures of Columbia to reflect the severity of the actions.

Columbia moves the judicial administration that supervises protest discipline of the supervision of the university senate, a body led by the faculty, to the provost office. This is partly to meet a requirement of the Trump government to sharpen the control of discipline.

The university lasted almost 11 months to expel some of the students involved in the occupation of the Hamilton Hall, so that it was placed in the Crosshairs of the Trump government. Whether the judicial process will go faster under the supervision of the provost is not clear.

The commitment is also higher for international students involved in protest activity, who now not only risk suspension, but also possible deportation. State Secretary Marco Rubio warned on Wednesday evening on social media that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs “would judge the visa status of the invaders and vandals that took over the library of Columbia University.”

“Pro-Hamas Thugs are no longer welcome in our big nation,” he added.

But such a step would require that sharing information between the New York police and immigration and customs enforcement, which is limited by city rules. Columbia says it also tried to protect student information against ice.

The demonstrators who took over the library on Wednesday made different tactical choices of the demonstrators who took over Hamilton Hall. In contrast to last year, when the acquisition took place for almost midnight, the demonstrators took their way to a library full of hundreds of students who study this year, with a lot of security at hand.

Security officers were able to insulate most protesters in the rising reader’s reading room and asked them repeatedly to show their identification whether they wanted to leave the room and avoid arrest. Most of them refused, wrote Mrs. Shipman, even after professors tried to spread the situation.

Joseph Howley, a member of the university Senate who has been very critical of Columbia’s answer to protests from the past, said that the clear implementation of a rule that was already about the books in Columbia was obliged to identify themselves when asked for “completely reasonable implementation of that policy.”

“A lot happened last night that I am not happy with,” he said, especially the physical power used by security officials, “but that seems fairly simple to me.”