The gradual splitting of Africa could lead to the formation of Earth’s sixth ocean
The African landmass is gradually splitting up due to a tectonic phenomenon. Scientists predict that this could lead to the formation of a new ocean in about 50 million years. This movement reflects Earth’s ancient geological shifts, such as the fragmentation of Pangea about 230 million years ago. Fossils like those of Cynognathus, a prehistoric creature found in both Africa and South America, support theories that these continents were once connected. The East African Rift System (EARS), which spans countries such as Kenya, Tanzania and Ethiopia, is at the heart of this continental division.
Over the past 25 million years, the African tectonic plate has gradually split, creating two separate parts: the Nubian plate to the west and the Somali plate to the east. Over time, this rift will likely allow seawater to flow in, creating a new ocean between the separating landmasses.
Experts weigh in on geological changes
Geologist David Adede emphasizes that the East African Rift is rich history of tectonic and volcanic activity. Although movement at the surface is limited, ongoing shifts deep within the Earth’s crust are creating areas of weakness that could one day surface. Researcher Stephen Hicks attributes the formation of a notable crack in Kenya to soil erosion from recent rainfall, suggesting that this development may not be directly related to tectonic forces. However, Lucía Pérez Díaz acknowledges that the geological activity may be related to a fault line in the gorge, although its precise cause is still under investigation.
The long-term impact on the African landscape
As National Geographic suggests, Africa’s future may see a new landmass, with the Somali Plate drifting away from the Nubian Plate to form a landmass similar to Madagascar. Although this transformation will occur over millions of years, East Africa’s evolving landscape will continue to intrigue geologists and shape the Earth’s geography.
